Identify diseases caused by oversecretion of adrenal catecholamines. Identify the chemical nature of catecholamines and their biosynthesis and metabolic fate.ĭescribe the biologic consequences of sympatho-adrenal medulla activation and identify the target organs or tissues for catecholamine effects along with the receptor types that mediate their actions.ĭescribe and integrate the interactions of adrenal medullary and cortical hormones in response to stress. Identify the causes and consequences of oversecretion and undersecretion of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and adrenal androgens. Identify the major mineralocorticoids, their biologic actions, and their target organs or tissues.ĭescribe the regulation of mineralocorticoid secretion and relate this to the regulation of sodium and potassium excretion. Understand the cellular mechanism of action of adrenal cortical hormones and identify their major physiologic actions, particularly during injury and stress. 17(1):39-44.Identify the functional anatomy and zones of the adrenal glands and the principal hormones secreted from each zone.ĭescribe and contrast the regulation of synthesis and release of the adrenal steroid hormones (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens) and the consequences of abnormalities in their biosynthetic pathways. Coexistence of Cushing syndrome from functional adrenal adenoma and Addison disease from immune-mediated adrenalitis. adrenal gland, also called suprarenal gland, either of two small triangular endocrine glands one of which is located above each kidney. Ĭolucci R, Jimenez RE, Farrar W, Malgor R, Kohn L, Schwartz FL. NIDDK: National Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Information Service.
Hormones produced: Adrenaline, aldosterone and cortisol. Adrenal medulla: The innermost part of the adrenal gland, consisting of cells that secrete adrenaline and noradrenaline. Location: There are two adrenal glands located on the top of each kidney. Accessed: Mar 2011.Īdrenal Insufficiency and Addison’s Disease. adrenal cortex: The outer portion of the adrenal glands that produces mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens. Highest Quality Vitamins And Supplements - Life Extension. Īdrenal Disease - Addison's Disease, Cushing's Syndrome - Life Extension Health Concern. University of Pennsylvania Health System. Chapter 11: Adrenal Cortex, Development, Anatomy, Physiology. View the University of Michigan WebScope at. National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health. This diagram shows the left adrenal gland located atop the left kidney.
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